Statement of Purpose Santosh G Vattam MS

Statement of purpose Santosh G Vattam MS, Embedded Systems (CIS), May 2012 Research Interest I am a Master of Science and Engineering student majoring in Embedded Systems from University of Pennsylvania, graduating in May 2012. I am interested in embedded systems modeling and model based code generation. This interest has developed thanks to my research project with Prof. Insup Lee as well as the Embedded and Cyber Physical Systems and the Principles of Embedded Computation courses I took at Penn with Prof. Insup Lee and Prof. Rajeev Alur respectively.The Embedded and CPS course involved modeling and implementation of a pacemaker, while the Principles of Embedded Computation course provided the much needed theoritical foundation for developing embedded system models and verifying and validating thus developed models. Research projects In Jan 2011, I started working on the Medical Device Dongle(MDD) Project with Prof. Insup Lee. The idea was to make patient monitoring, patient centric rather than device centric by developing a standards-based interface for medical device interoperability.We decided to use the existing device interoperability standard – IEEE11073-PHD with slight modications. I implemented the rst prototype of the IEEE11073 Manager and Agent state machines. We later encountered the problem of providing a medium for using the services of the MDD and thus we designed and implemented an interface to sit on top of the MDD. We have since presented our work at the Wireless Health Conference 2011, San Diego, CA and at Embedded Software Week Android competition, Taipei, Taiwan. We shall also be presenting at the International Health Informatics Symposium, Miami, FL in Jan 2012.Prior to this, I have worked on the Coverage Analysis of RTEMS(Real Time Executive for Multiprocessor Systems) as part of Google Summer of Code 2009 and mentored another student in 2010 for the same project. This project was my rst step into the embedded world. I wrote tes t cases to validate that every single line of object code generated was executed. I worked on the RTEMS-core codebase and in 2010 I mentored a student to work on the extended codebase. Research focus I would like to focus my research on model based code generation and validating the conformation of code to the model on which it was based.This is a problem that I have come across while working on the MDD project. We have based our design on the IEEE11073 architecture but there are no open implementations of it through which we can verify our implementation. There are certain validation tools but these just analyze the packet structure of the 11073 packets but not the ow of these packets within the network of devices. I am partly tackling this problem through my Masters thesis by writing test cases to validate the exchange of the right packets. This method, however, does not provide insight into the internal state ow of the code. I would like to study, n depth, the ways of validating code to the state model. I believe that by pursuing a PhD I shall not only gain the necessary skill set to tackle this problem, but also the insight of looking at unstructured data and obtaining structured information from it. Prof Insup Lee and his team at the PRECISE Center work on model based design and validation in the medical device domain. I have been working with Prof. Insup Lee and his team for close to a year now on the MDD project. I believe that the environment and the expertise at the PRECISE Center will provide me with the encouragement and the academic stimulus to excel at my research. Statement of Purpose Santosh G Vattam MS Statement of purpose Santosh G Vattam MS, Embedded Systems (CIS), May 2012 Research Interest I am a Master of Science and Engineering student majoring in Embedded Systems from University of Pennsylvania, graduating in May 2012. I am interested in embedded systems modeling and model based code generation. This interest has developed thanks to my research project with Prof. Insup Lee as well as the Embedded and Cyber Physical Systems and the Principles of Embedded Computation courses I took at Penn with Prof. Insup Lee and Prof. Rajeev Alur respectively.The Embedded and CPS course involved modeling and implementation of a pacemaker, while the Principles of Embedded Computation course provided the much needed theoritical foundation for developing embedded system models and verifying and validating thus developed models. Research projects In Jan 2011, I started working on the Medical Device Dongle(MDD) Project with Prof. Insup Lee. The idea was to make patient monitoring, patient centric rather than device centric by developing a standards-based interface for medical device interoperability.We decided to use the existing device interoperability standard – IEEE11073-PHD with slight modications. I implemented the rst prototype of the IEEE11073 Manager and Agent state machines. We later encountered the problem of providing a medium for using the services of the MDD and thus we designed and implemented an interface to sit on top of the MDD. We have since presented our work at the Wireless Health Conference 2011, San Diego, CA and at Embedded Software Week Android competition, Taipei, Taiwan. We shall also be presenting at the International Health Informatics Symposium, Miami, FL in Jan 2012.Prior to this, I have worked on the Coverage Analysis of RTEMS(Real Time Executive for Multiprocessor Systems) as part of Google Summer of Code 2009 and mentored another student in 2010 for the same project. This project was my rst step into the embedded world. I wrote tes t cases to validate that every single line of object code generated was executed. I worked on the RTEMS-core codebase and in 2010 I mentored a student to work on the extended codebase. Research focus I would like to focus my research on model based code generation and validating the conformation of code to the model on which it was based.This is a problem that I have come across while working on the MDD project. We have based our design on the IEEE11073 architecture but there are no open implementations of it through which we can verify our implementation. There are certain validation tools but these just analyze the packet structure of the 11073 packets but not the ow of these packets within the network of devices. I am partly tackling this problem through my Masters thesis by writing test cases to validate the exchange of the right packets. This method, however, does not provide insight into the internal state ow of the code. I would like to study, n depth, the ways of validating code to the state model. I believe that by pursuing a PhD I shall not only gain the necessary skill set to tackle this problem, but also the insight of looking at unstructured data and obtaining structured information from it. Prof Insup Lee and his team at the PRECISE Center work on model based design and validation in the medical device domain. I have been working with Prof. Insup Lee and his team for close to a year now on the MDD project. I believe that the environment and the expertise at the PRECISE Center will provide me with the encouragement and the academic stimulus to excel at my research.

Assessment of Jane Eyre

Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte is a sophisticated and renowned Gothic romance novel. Its plot has many unconventional twists and turns and, although the novel has been widely accepted and appreciated in the world of classic literature, it has also had its share of controversy. From the beginning of the novel, it becomes clear that it does not perhaps preach the same religious values as other books written during its time (the 1800s), and some have taken the view that this aspect of the book is wrong and will poison the mind of every young, susceptible person who reads it.Some of this has to do with the fact that the novel centers around the growing love affair between a sardonic, brooding gentleman named Mr. Rochester and his governess and the main character of the book, Jane Eyre. The possible objections people might make to the novel are the differences in rank, connections and wealth between Mr. Rochester and Jane, not to mention the difference in age (Mr. Rochester is 20 years Jan e’s senior). Even more objectionable; however, is the fact that Mr. You can read also Analysis of Literary Devices of Jane EyreRochester proposes to Jane even though he is already married to a madwoman (his wife had a heritable condition that made her savage and insane), and is keeping her safeguarded in a room upstairs in the very house in which he met Jane. These objections are expressed succinctly in a criticism against the book found on a pro-book-banning website: â€Å"Readers of Jane Eyre often see Edward Rochester as a dashing, romantic hero–and therein lies the problem. Rochester is already married when he woos Jane, and he has locked his mentally ill wife into an attic.What kind of a person would do this, and do we really want impressionable teenage girls idolizing such a person as a romantic hero? † (CC2K 1). The website also states that it finds Jane Eyre to promote adultery and the abuse of the mentally ill. It’s all well and good for someone on a website to say that certain circumstances of the novel were socially or ethically immoral (especially when the circumstances were taken out of context and generalized), but one of the main reasons that the book was banned in some parts of England in the mid to late 1800’s (Jane Eyre was first published in 1847) was the fact that it was written by a woman.Charlotte Bronte first used the pen name of Currer Bell to avoid the prejudice against female writers, but it was eventually found out that she was a woman and certain readers found it disturbing â€Å"that a woman had written such a passionate novel and seemed so knowing sexually† (Brooklyn. cuny. edu 1). Some of the harsher reviews of the book state the reasons it was thought unfit to be read: â€Å"Jane Eyre is, indeed, one of the coarsest books which we ever perused.It is not that the professed sentiments of the writer are absolutely wrong or forbidding, or that the odd sort of religious notions which she puts forth are much worse than is usual in popular tales. It is rather that the re is a tendency to relapse into that class of ideas, expressions, and circumstances, which is most connected with the grosser and more animal portion of our nature; and that the detestable morality of the most prominent character in the story is accompanied with every sort of palliation short of unblushing justification (1848)† (Brooklyn. cuny. edu 2).Fortunately for the world; however, the voices of these critics were drowned out by the majority of the supportive and positive criticism of the novel. Personally, I found the novel to be a refreshing upheaval of many popular conventions that existed in the 19th century and that still exist in some places today. It is a story about two people who ignored the rigid vice that society had placed upon them and did what they truly felt to be right. The novel doesn’t ignore or refute morals, rather, it shows the reader the things that are truly important in life; some of the things we tend to forget.For example, neither Jane Ey re nor Mr. Rochester is considered physically attractive by their peers. Jane is considered plain and almost child-like (she is 18 when she becomes Mr. Rochester’s governess and has a small, slight frame) and Mr. Rochester is a dark, brooding, erratic 38-year-old man, so unlike his daintier male counterparts of the time. This is such an understated phenomenon that the two main characters in a romance were considered ugly. It means, for once, that beauty doesn’t mean everything; in fact, it means absolutely nothing at all. Jane and Mr.Rochester end up loving each other more strongly and completely than almost any other romance ever heard of. As for preaching immoral practices and ways of life, Jane Eyre exhibits the merits of strong will and self respect that people, and women in particular, may never have known was an option for them. Women were allowed few rights in the 1800s and when Jane refuses to marry Mr. Rochester because she has discovered that he is already ma rried to a woman who has gone insane (and therefore divorce is not an option) and she makes both herself and the man she loves absolutely miserable in the process, what bad message is a reader to find?Jane refused to give up her self respect, she refused to do what she thought was morally wrong, even though it was the hardest thing she’d ever had to do in her life. Some reviews of the novel clearly express the feminism it exhibits: â€Å"the story is very much about the nature of human freedom and equality, and if Jane was seen as something of a renegade in nineteenth-century England, it is because her story is that of a woman who struggles for self-definition and determination in a society that too often denies her that right† (EBooks 1). When Jane and Mr.Rochester do end up together at the end of the novel, it is only after his wife has accidentally died in a house fire (she jumped off of the roof and committed suicide) and Mr. Rochester had lost both an eye and a ha nd in the process. This signifies to the reader that Mr. Rochester couldn’t get away scot-free after trying to trick Jane into a false second marriage. He had to pay for some of his â€Å"sins† before he could be happy again, showing that those who act wrongly (even if they have good motives) do not profit from it. In the end, one of the most novel aspects of the book is the fact that Jane Eyre and Mr.Rochester are not brought together by worldly or material concerns. They are brought together by a true love and a desire to make themselves and each other happy. One of the reasons the novel was banned is also one of its greatest strengths; Charlotte Bronte’s use of love and passion in the novel allows the reader to connect to the characters and it causes the story to have meaning. This is expressed by one review of the novel in which it was highly praised: â€Å"This is not merely a work of great promise; it is one of absolute performance.It is one of the most p owerful domestic romances which have been published for many years. It has little or nothing of the old conventional stamp upon it †¦ but it is full of youthful vigor, of freshness and originality, of nervous diction and concentrated interest. The incidents are sometimes melo-dramatic, and, it might be added, improbable; but these incidents, though striking, are subordinate to the main purpose of the piece, which is a tale of passion, not of intensity which is most sublime. It is a book to make the pulses gallop and the heart beat, and to fill the eyes with tears (1847)† Brooklyn. cuny. edu 1). Jane Eyre is necessarily eccentric in its values and after reading it, one is convinced that if all of its values were adopted by the rest of the world, we would all live in a much better place. Given the above evidence, one could say that it is almost a sin in itself to ban the novel to young readers. Jane Eyre uses descriptive and sophisticated language, so it is probably ideal f or a young adult or adolescent’s eyes, but a reader of any age may benefit from it by being exposed to new thoughts, principles and ways of life.Charlotte Bronte managed to support rights for women, marriage for love, self-respect and the false value of beauty all in one novel. Jane Eyre is eccentric and one of a kind and should not be restricted from the world, but shared with it. Works Cited â€Å"Charlotte Bronte ‘Jane Eyre. ’† Brooklyn. cuny. edu. n. p. , 29 March, 2005. Web. 2 Feb, 2013. â€Å"Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte. † Ebooks. n. p. , 18 Dec, 2010. Web. 2 Feb, 2013. Woodward, Beth. â€Å"Let’s Ban All the Books: An Argument for Book Banning. † CC2K. n. p. , 3 Oct, 2010. Web. 3 Feb, 2013.

A good man is hard to find

Even before the story unfolds there is simple irony that in Just the title of A Good Man Is Hard To Find, where a nice family vacation turns Into a disastrous murder. When I first began reading, I never thought that the story would have such an ending. The mood of the story went from normal to sad fairly quickly. There was an example of foreshadowing at the beginning of the story when the grandma dressed up nicely so f there was an accident anyone seeing her in death will know that she was a lady.The grandma seems to believe that her morals for life are correct and her thoughts and beliefs are superior to that of anyone else's. She could see everyone's flaws except her own. I don't think the grandmother Is a good person, with her uppity attitude, and constant ridicule of her son, and how she made the statement † Oh look at the cute little picnicking shows how she's really oblivious of the world beyond her own mind. The grandmas perception of good is obviously of her own morals as she stated That Red Sam had been a good man for letting someone cheat him out of his money.Obviously getting cheated out of your money is not a good thing. There is situational Irony in the story because as the grandma talks about not going to Florida because there Is a misfit, nobody pays attention to her, even dismissing what she was saying and them not listening to her put them on deaths path. The grandmother warns that The Misfit is on the loose, but the family chooses to head towards Florida anyway. The way the situation happened not listening to her and listening to her brought about their demise.Another example of irony is that even though the grandmother said she would never take her family to a place where a Misfit is running a lose she ends up leading them to the Misfit anyway. While driving the grandma becoming nostalgic from seeing a dirt road and thinks about an old plantation and wanting to see It again lies about the house have trapped doors making the children beg to see it. At this point in the story the grandma leads the family into their death because she didn't mentioned that she made a mistake about the plantation that she remember was in Tennessee and they were in Georgia.After remembering her feet Jumps scaring the cat that she wasn't supposed to bring on the trip to Jump onto Bailey causing him to spin, thus leading Into the fated accident. There was another example of situational Irony because the help that the family received after the accident happens to be the Misfit the grandma originally warned bout, but they just happen to be in Georgia and were supposed to be in Florida.I think the Grandma knew she was going to die because as the Misfit lead her son and his family away she called the Misfit a good man† and that he wouldn't shoot a lady. She begged for her life and did not care to try and save her son or grandchildren. She Just kept claiming to the misfit that he was â€Å"a good man†, even though he stated which is why he went around killing people in order to fulfill his life. He knew what he was doing was wrong but he killed the grandma anyway. A Good Man Is Hard To Find The story is about a family from Georgia who is on a trip to Tennessee.   In the midst of the journey, the grandmother mentions an old plantation which her grandchildren wanted to see.   Despite Bailey's hesitation, the family proceeds based on the grandmother's instructions.However, on their way to the said plantation, the grandmother suddenly remembers that the plantation she was talking about was in Tennessee and not in Georgia, where they were.   The family meets in an accident which damages their car.They see a passing vehicle on the road and call for help. The people riding it, unfortunately, are The Misfit and his companions who just recently escaped from prison.   In the end, The Misfit ordered his companions to kill the entire family, except the grandmother who he killed himself.The themes of this story are grace and redemption.   In the beginning of the story, the distinction is simple.   The grandmother represents the good, while the Misfit represents the bad.à ‚   However, in actuality, both characters have a negative side (â€Å"Interpretations,† n.d.).Their negative side was reflected by their selfishness and their fixation with it. The Misfit was preoccupied with his penchant for killing, while the grandmother was absorbed with her efforts to save herself (â€Å"Interpretations,† n.d.)The grandmother was immersed with her own concerns until her encounter with The Misfit.   Her transformation to goodness only started when she was in danger (â€Å"Interpretations,† n.d.).   She began to pray, and succumbed to faith in the face of death.   At that point, she reached her moment of grace before she died (â€Å"Interpretations,† n.d.).On the other hand, The Misfit addresses his desire for grace when he answers grandmother’s question—whether Jesus can raise the dead.   When she reached out to him and declared him as one of his children, the grandmother gave him an opportunity for redemption.   Thus, the story conveys that everyone has a chance for grace and redemption.ReferencesInterpretations of â€Å"A Good Man is Hard To Find.† Retrieved February 15, 2008, from http://astro.armstrong.edu/~archerki/essay/interpretations.html   

Ethical Dilemmas Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ethical Dilemmas - Case Study Example Valerie Young took the decision because of her dilemma related to the harm or consequences of whistleblowing. According to the ‘Utilitarian Principle’ of the ‘Balanced Interests Principles’, Valerie Young seemed to consider that after the completion of her educational course, the consequences will be minimized or rather she would have greater opportunity to face the challenges occurred after her whistleblowing. She was also concerned about the effects of her whistleblowing on her team members and to the organization as a whole which would also be reduced by the period. This reflects her concern to the benefit of the highest numbers which again depicts her ethical dilemmas to be partially influenced by the ‘Utilitarian Principle’ (Hellriegel & Slocum, 2007). Valerie Young was also facing stress in terms of ethical dilemmas regarding the unethical behavior of her boss and the probable consequence which he might be facing after she blows the whistl e. She also considered the possible measures to be undertaken by the organizational leaders regarding the fact, when it was unambiguously mentioned in the company policies that any kind of bribery or unethical practices illustrating kickbacks would not be entertained. However, while considering the facts, Valerie Young proved to be equitable. That is, she tended to be focused on the equitable characteristics of her boss, rather than his arbitrary characteristics, such as gender, age and others. Thus, it is quite apparent that the ethical dilemmas faced by Valerie Young also depicted her consideration to the ‘Distributive Justice Principle’ as her ‘Concern for Other Principles’ (Hellriegel & Slocum, 2007). 2.0. If You Were Valerie, What Would You Do? Ethical decision making of an individual largely depends... Ethical decision making of an individual largely depends upon the principles identified in the previous discussion of the paper. In this case, Valerie Young can be observed to undergo a few ethical dilemmas which are often termed to be a common reflection of human conscience while facing ethical challenges. Considering the above described ethical principles which are considered by individuals during their decision making regarding whistleblowing, it can be stated that Valerie Young’s actions were quite logical. However, the steps taken were not entirely ethical as it hampered the sustainability of the organisation and also affected the work culture to a large extent. Moreover, her prime focus was not to disturb her personal interests despite her awareness regarding the probable consequences to be faced by the organization, which again reflected an unethical behavior from Valerie Young’s end. Therefore, in this case both Valerie Young’s boss, Mr. Lionel Watersâ₠¬â„¢ and Valerie Young’s behavior can be recognized as unethical from the organizational perspective (Dench, 2006). Instead of securing the secrets to herself, Valerie Young could have conveyed it to the higher authorities of the company. As a marketing manager she had the liberty to convey any of her problems to the senior members of the organization. In this case, she could have utilized her right to convey the matter to the members of the board.

Strategy and Strategic management Research Essay

Strategy and Strategic management Research - Essay Example By embracing Best Practice the industry would gain; There is no single accepted definition of 'strategy' (Price and Newson, 2003, p. 184).5 A 1999 study by Price, McCaffer and Thorpe (cited by Price and Newson, 2003, p. 190) established that the construction industry prefers the definition given by Johnson and Scholes in 1999: "Strategy is the direction and scope of an organization over the long term: which achieves competitive advantage for the organization through its configuration of resources within a changing environment, to meet the needs of markets and to fulfil stakeholder expectations." Chinowsky's (2001, p. 60)6 research into existing models of strategic management, combined with interviews with executives, led him to devolve seven key considerations for executives when attempting to formulate strategic management plans: In 1998 they surveyed the ENR Top 400 Contractors in the United States. Most organisations intended to leverage technological tools and capitalise on greater market knowledge. However the research also found that there was no such emphasis on life-long learning and protecting existing market share from competitors. Critique: In answer to the obvious question: 'Where precisely will a project-focused organisation find time to grapple with 'strategy' Chinowsky and Meredith (... The need to identify, find and pursue new markets; and Improved communications between project teams and peripheral departments. In 1998 they surveyed the ENR Top 400 Contractors in the United States. Most organisations intended to leverage technological tools and capitalise on greater market knowledge. However the research also found that there was no such emphasis on life-long learning and protecting existing market share from competitors. Critique: In answer to the obvious question: 'Where precisely will a project-focused organisation find time to grapple with 'strategy' Chinowsky and Meredith (2001, p. 3) reply that without a strategic plan - which clearly identifies the tasks and evaluation measures to be undertaken at departmental level - this will be a very difficult undertaking. Given that multi-billion dollar organisations are having difficulty grappling with strategy management and strategy planning, what hope for the small employer (1-10 employees), or sole-trader who supplies to larger organisations 3. Strategic Management Process Price and Newson (2003, p184) favour the 'positioning' school of strategic theory, as exemplified by Professor Michael Porter, and look at strategy in terms of process, content and context: Strategy process is defined as the ''manner in which strategies come about'' and is concerned with the how, who, and when of strategy. Strategy content is described as "the product of the strategy process and is the what of strategy". Strategy context is concerned with the "where" of strategy and refers to "the organizational and environmental circumstances under which the strategy process and strategy content are determined". Strategic management process can be broken down into analysis, formation and

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 12

Marketing - Essay Example Here all the unattractive ideas and unfeasible ideas are weeded out leaving only the ideas where future action is possible. Concept Development and Testing: Here in this stage the idea is presented to the customers and their views and opinions of the ideas are documented. This eliminates the risk of any losses if the ideas are not accepted by the customers (Kahn). Business Analysis: This stage involves the business and financial analysis of the ideas and here the financial risks and the other business related analysis are completed. Prototype Development: Here the idea is developed and the product is developed in the physical form and the basic marketing strategy is developed. Test Marketing: At this stage the company puts the product up for sale in a few areas to check for the performance under the marketing plan (Jobber). This provides an insight to the company for the effectiveness of the marketing strategy and the demand of the product. Commercialization: The last stage of the ne w product development stage is the commercialization, where the complete marketing plan is developed and the full production is set into action

An essay about the book - The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao

An about the book - The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao - Essay Example His protagonist, Oscar Wao is a rejected boy moving in the society who lacks the physical appearance as well as the exposure to do and say the right things at the right time. It is a true portrayal of what goes on in life every day, but Diaz has managed to add the spark of fiction as well as humor to make this book even more interesting to read. Junot address’s the problem of existing in this world, harsh? Yes, True? Extremely! This book highlights the problem of men being suffocated in the fantasy of fiction and women are expected to do more than they can. It’s a tale of how Oscar’s life is affected by his dysfunctional family and how much his inner dreams are crushed regularly. Oscar Wao is the worst possible nightmare of any person who has gone through groveling social experiences in high school, college or even work. Oscar Wao is an extremely oversized boy who is known for his dorky outlook and lack of judgment with girls. He is from a typical Dominican family with a frustrated mother who works hard all day long and treats her kids with anything but love. Now, Oscar is a pity young character who has no father to support and guidance to lead him into the â€Å"manly† zone of life. In Chapter one Oscar’s sister comes to his support when Beli, his mother is hurling at him for crying because of girl trouble: â€Å"It wasn’t just that he didn’t have no kind of father to show him the masculine ropes, he simply lacked all aggressive and martial tendencies.† (Page 8) His problem was not the fact that he had no male guidance in his life; his uncle La Inca lived with them but was a drug addict. Naturally, Oscar was just not the m an of aggression and violence. This initial part of the story clearly paves the path of what is to come in the book. How the lack of macho-ism caused problems for the protagonist. What can be worse than the fact that you are beaten up by

Current Argument and Argument Definitions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Current Argument and Argument Definitions - Essay Example This example is valid because if all men are classified as being stronger than women, and John is categorized as a man, therefore, the conclusion that John is stronger than women is valid. Strong argument: a strong argument is an argument that is measured by the strength of the premises, and it is not a must that the argument must be valid. For example: no African woman has ever made a scientific discovery; my friend Lydia is about to have a baby girl in the near future; so, Lydia’s baby girl will not be able to make a scientific discovery. This example can be said to be a strong argument, although it is not valid. Weak argument: weak arguments are considered to be arguments, whose link between premise and the conclusion is weak. For example: I always take my lunch at noon. Therefore, lunch is taken at noon. This example is a weak argument because not all people take their lunch at noon. Sound argument: a sound argument is an argument that is valid, and its conclusion is based on the premises that are true. For example: men are warm blooded animals; John is a man; therefore, John is a warm blooded animal. This example is a good example of a sound argument because not only are the two premises true, but also the conclusion is true. Unsound argument: an unsound argument is considered to be an argument that is invalid, and even its premises are not true. It is actually the opposite of sound argument. For example: all men have no brain; Charles is not a man; therefore, Charles has brain. In this example, although conclusion might seem to be true, the two premises are false. Cogent argument: cogent argument involves inductive argument that is strong and its premises are also true. An example of a cogent argument could be: I am hungry because I have not eaten anything in the past two days; I need to eat to end my hunger; eating will end my hunger. This is a good example of a cogent argument because the argument that I am hungry is strong, and eating will end my

Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words - 3

Human Resource Management - Essay Example it is responsible for the development of people, the most vital element in identifying a strategic plan for future use and improving the operation of any organization. From my experience and reading, an HR specialist is only as good as his knowledge of people. For this reason I have seen many HR managers in some large companies who have attained at least a master’s degree. This level of qualification is important to HRM. I remember when the employment of the company was handled by the owner of company himself. The performance of organization at that time was very poor. Later on, a manager who specializes in Human Resource Management came along and the performance of all the departments improved. To sum up, all organizational departments depend on HRM to some extent and HRM skills becomes a main support of any organization. Collaborative work between HR and line managers is necessary but it is better to give each manager a specific function. Overlapping of function and powers may cause serious internal threats to an organization. Clear delineation of roles would lead to fewer objections that could work for the benefit of both workers and staff. Some of the external factors that affect Human Resource Management include economic factors surrounding the organization as well as the economic situation in the country. However, more important than economics is the education of the workforce because having qualified personnel assumes that each hired person has achieved education which qualifies him or her in that position. On the other hand, internal factors include the financial situation of the company which dictates to some extent its hiring limits compared to the marginal productivity of a person. Logistical support from senior management of the company also plays a key role as they must have smooth interpersonal skills with both clients and employees. Lastly, personal factors, which includes the satisfaction of the employee with his or her work along with the

Tourism Operation Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Tourism Operation Management - Essay Example An attempt has been made in this paper to investigate two key challenges relating to management and operations - capacity building, and quality of services - and to make suitable recommendations concerning the possible measures to overcome these challenges. Tourism has emerged as a major business activity world wide. The World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) reported that tourism operations generated revenues totalling US$4421 billion in the year 2002. According to the Council's estimated projections, tourism business will grow to over US$8614 billion by the year 2012, registered an annual growth rate of 4.5% in global demand (Page, 2003, p. 2). The Council also reported that tourism accounted for almost 8% of employment worldwide, which translates to one in 13 jobs. In the year 2002, tourism-related jobs totalled a whopping 198 098 000 jobs, and according to Page (2003), this is expected to touch the magical figure of 249 486 000 by the year 2012. Stephen Page (2003) noted: "The late twentieth century and the new millennium have witnessed the continued growth of interest in how people spend their leisure and non-work time." Leisure pursuits and holiday tours are increasingly becoming a major non-work activity for millions of people across the globe. This growing interest to travel and holiday has now come to be recognised as a truly international phenomenon, or 'tourism' that motivates people to use their leisure time to visit different localities, landmarks, places and destinations across the globe. Added to this is the growing demand for tours and travels relating to specialized events, such as seasonal pilgrimages to holy sites and shrines. Among the latter, Mecca stands out as perhaps the single biggest spot the world over in terms of the number of tourists and pilgrims that flock to this holy city. Growing Profile of Global Tourism There has been a phenomenal growth in the demand for air travel since the 1960s. According to Page (2003, p. 144), the global airline industry carried 1600 million passengers (many of them tourists) to and from 10,000 airports, with 18,000 aircraft in the skies in the year 1998. Air traffic demand in Europe alone stood at 541 million passengers, and is expected to touch the 1101 million figure by the year 2015. With steadily increasing demand, several carriers and tour operators have even commissioned their own charter planes to woo tourists and to boost their tourism business. Boeing even evolved a hub-and-spokes services facility with point-to-point flight services. According to estimates, Hajj pilgrims to Mecca alone totalled the one million mark every year (2003). Among several reasons for this stupendous growth in tourism operations, the Air Transport Action Group (ATAG), a lobby group in the aviation sector, cited mainly five factors (2003, p. 3): A major downslide in the real cost of a travel Increasing activities in international trade and economic deals that call for frequent

Gender Issues Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Gender Issues - Assignment Example This paper describes situational gender issues relating to differences in communication, problem-solving and leadership. In addition, the paper proposes the best practices and action plans to strengthen the behaviors of both men and women in the workplace. It was at around 8 am on the day I observed an issue on gender at a renowned company. The manager had just walked in and his secretary, a very cute, petite woman with dimples, was busy arranging files in the office. She had a backlog on her desk. Suddenly, I heard a slap and then yelling sound. I quickly rushed into the room. On arrival, I found the secretary lying on the floor holding her cheeks and crying out to the top of her voice. I raised my voice to inquire what had conspired. The manager began talking to himself saying that the secretary had delayed his work, which was a deadline. He also claimed that the work was to determine his firing. On my investigation, I found out that the manager had some issues with his wife. The wife had relocated to her new apartment with another new boyfriend planning to engage in few months’ time. The situation was very daunting until the security officer walked in and took the manager away as everybody else waited for an ad hoc board mee ting to discuss the way forward. On further investigation, I found the manager had tried many times to seduce the secretary, but to no success. The situation clearly shows the differences in communication, solving problem and leadership between men and women. The styles of communication between women and men differ in many ways. Firstly, in times of a problem, women tend to talk to other women, unlike men who keep their problems to themselves or just see no reason for sharing personal issues. Secondly, women are relationship-oriented and always look for ways to connect with other women. Most

Plato - democracy Essay Example for Free

Plato democracy Essay Aristotle was a pupil of the famous philosopher Plato. During his lifetime (384-322 BC) he learned and taught Socratic philosophy which was taught to him. He was taught this philosophy by Plato, who is responsible for all of Socrates written works since Socrates himself did not write down his teachings. During his teen years he was enrolled in Platos â€Å"Academy† where he then taught for about 20 years after his graduation. After this he started his own school called the â€Å"Lyceum†. Here he  taught of philosophy and politics. His political teaching broke down regimes into six categories. These categories are then broken down into three groups of pairs. Each of these pairs has one â€Å"good† form and one â€Å"bad† form. The first tier consists of Monarchy and Tyranny. Each of these is â€Å"the rule of the one†, but according to Aristotle, a Monarchy was better than Tyranny because a Monarch puts the needs of his people before his own. The second tier is Oligarchy and Aristocracy. Both of these are  Ã¢â‚¬Å"the rule of the few† but Oligarchy was considered a better form because the Oligarchy was not necessarily influenced by money and class whereas Aristocracy was. The third tier was Polity and Democracy. Both of these were â€Å"the rule of the many† but Democracy was considered better for the same reasons that Oligarchy was better than Aristocracy. With his teachings of philosophy, and his image of an ideal regime which could possibly be attainable (unlike his predecessor Plato â€Å"ideal city†). he was a very influential character in the future of society. Due to his father being a court physician for King Amyntas of Macedonia, Aristotle was a childhood friend of the later King Phillip. His friendship with King Phillip was the main reason he was asked to teach Phillips son Alexander (later known as Alexander the Great). Aristotle played a pivotal role in the development of Alexander the Great and it is quite possible that he would have not had such a conquest as he did had it not been for Aristotles.

Legal Requirements and Frameworks for Childcare

Legal Requirements and Frameworks for Childcare Precious Toe Ngwu Task 1 Summaries the current legal requirements for those working children. This should include reference to 6 learning goals and how they could be implemented in a child care setting. Current legal requirements for those working with children whether in the home setting, work place, school or other local authorities has be set out in the childrens Act 2006 which was designed with principles to guide and support the children. The Act 2006 guide the child care setting to follow the Early Years Foundation Stage learning in all setting to achieve the 6 learning goals to have the children acquired all the knowledge, skill and understanding they need by the time they are leaving the setting to school or nursery etc. The Statutory Framework for the Early Years Foundation Stage sets out the standards for learning, development and care for children from birth to five as development matters at the early stages of the child. The 3 prime areas are particularly crucial in promoting effective learning and development during the Early Years Foundation Stage. Communicating and language development- involves giving the children opportunities to experience a rich language environment. It develops their confidence and skills in expressing themselves: to speak and listen. The setting are to encourage the children communication skills in the activities around the learning area. Physical Development- this provide opportunities for young children to be active and interactive to develop their coordination, control and movement. All activities planned with in the setting should aim at teaching the children how to be healthy and the importance of exercising. Personal, social and emotional development- the activities planned in the setting should help develop a positive sense of themselves and others. It helps them to form positive relations and develop social skills and develop respect for others. To learn how manage feelings, to understanding appropriate behavior in groups and to have a sense of confidence in own abilities. In my class (preschool, I do circle time with the children and encourage them to work in pairs, speak about their feeling over the week end). The 6 learning goals which are Personal Social and Emotional Development, Understand the World, Physical Development, Mathematics, Literacy and Expressive Arts and Design are to be taught to suit the requirements of the Regulations and the diversity of the children within the provision/setting and this is to done with no exceptions. The learning goals are there to enable the child care provider educate the children and to assess them to ascertain their achievements. Every child has the right to do every activities that is within the 6 learning goals, so by the time they reach 5 years old, they would have acquired the academic year and requirements. The setting should meet several learning goals that will spark children’s interest and enthusiasm for learning, support well-being and sense of belonging. It is important that in the setting, parents and practitioners work to achieve the early learning goals and for the children to be safe and healthy. All early year settings need to be consistency and have good quality for every child to have good progress. In so doing no child will be left behind. Children develop and learn in different ways and at different rates. The framework covers the education and care of all children including children with special needs and disabilities. Task 2 Explain what is meant by respecting and valuing individuality, and how to devise a plan of how this can be implemented in the child are setting. A table format may be used for this task. Respect is a deep feeling admiration for someone because of their abilities, qualities, or achievements. It is also a sense of worth or excellence of a person and a way of treating or thinking about someone. Valuing is a reference against which to measure the virtue of an individual’s values and culture. Therefore, it is important to become more aware of the individual both in themselves and others so that the children will respond with respect and awareness of individual needs. Respecting and valuing children’s individuality means accepting them, for who they are as individuals. This is very important for the development of the children. When children are treated with respect and valued, they will aspirate to their expectations. The basics of anti-bias is recognising others individuality with both adults, children and young people all have different strengths, talents and attitudes. This in itself tells you that people respond differently. Respecting and valuing children’s individuality means accepting them, for who they are as individual. This is important for the development of children. When children are treated with respect and are valued, they will aspirate to their expectations. Respecting and valuing a child will bring in the best in him or her. It is also a 2 way street when you respect and value a child, most of the time he or she will do the same to you. When a child is not respected or valued they would not realize their self-worth. Care givers should praise, cheer and encourage a child on their own individual qualities, what makes them unique. No child is the same every human being is different in his or her own way, to foster good citizenship in each child treat him or her as an individua l. When children are not accepted for who they are it can greatly affect their growth and development. Valuing and respecting- Is showing that we are comfortable with their differences and with young children it means acknowledging that they may have particular interest and help then to build on it by showing them you are for â€Å"what they stand for† so from an early age young children need to be taught respecting and valuing individuality. The setting should be able to encourage the children to work with each other and talk about diversity, culture as they plan and set up a classroom rules. Respect Honesty Courtesy Commitment Equality Justice Kindness Trust As we are all different so are our values. It is important that children, young people understands values and a good values are instilled early on to enable them grow into well-rounded, decent young adults. Children to listen to each other Children to help in the setting implement policy for valuing and respecting each other. Encourage the children share and do a display with them about diversity/cultures Individual planning (meet needs and interest of the child) also needs and interest are identified. Task 3-Evaluate the benefits of consistency with regard to positive and negative behaviuors, and identify strategies that can be used to encourage setting. Positive behavior is important. When we consistently and lovingly meet the needs of the young child in our care, secure attachment are formed. Child now develop secure attachments to more than one adults, that child/children are more likely to develop positive social and emotion skills. They know that they can rely on adults to meet their needs, to respond to them, and to comfort them. This will make the child important and begin to develop a sense of competence and confidence. -Children and young children needs to be part of the setting out of the rules for positive behavior. This will enable them take ownership of any consequences and they will keep it. It is important not to say no but encourage the positive words to tell the child what to do get the childs attention, use words like, â€Å"good listening, good boy or girl†. Be specific, keep it simple, use enthusiasm to encourage the child and also comment positive comments and encouragement in front of others. Praise the children good work and thank the child for acts. Use a warm, engaging and reinforcing the positive behaviours encourages the child to do well and act will. Always work out the rules with the children for the settings in a group which could become a behaviour policy for the child care setting and encourage them to put it up with you. It is better to influence the childs behaviour rather than control it. This is very important as it is beneficial for both the child care provider and the child, the earlier a child is established right from wrong it gets easier for the child to develop in all areas. This should be consistent. Negative behaviour: negative behaviour is very distressing and frustrating when it is not managed appropriately for the one receiving end. It is good to keep it simple when explain to a child why he/she is behaviour is not helping or accepting by using positive words and remaining them of the boundaries set out in the child care setting. It best to focus more on their positive than negative behaviours. The child care setting need to address that at some point, consistently letting the children to know that negative behaviours are not accepted and they need to understand what can be allowed and what cannot be accepted. I do circle time with my preschoolers and in the circle we discuss about our behaviours and how to improve on it. And I made them to understand that bad behaviours are not awarded. We only reward good behaviours not the bad once and there are more consequences. It’s good as the child care provider to have a good tone of voice, but be consistent it goes a long way. The child will than start to build a relationship with that adult and it will encourage that child to stop saying no etc. The self-esteem, confidence and trust will come back. But make sure the setting identify the problem and work with the child and all will fall into place. Task 4- Describe the process involved in managing conflict between children and adults. You should refer to at least one behavioural theorist in your answer I will like to start off by saying that, Firstly, identifying the underlying conflicts aim and hidden agendas that drive the dispute in the first place. Children are emotional and are not ready to begin a process of resolution. It’s a step by step process and it takes patience and consistency. -approach the child/children calmly at his or her eye level using a gentle touch. Acknowledge that there is a problem/issue and suggest some ways to calm them down. I usually use the 1-10, it always work with my preschoolers. I also tell them to breathe in and out. Children need to be taught how to express their emotions without violence/ mood swings. -you the adult should not find fault in the matter or blame, because one child is always in the wrong. Stay neutral. Listen to the child/children and make sure they know you are listening to them and they are been hard by the adult. Make sure that children in the conflict talk about their needs and wants. Most of the time the issues are the â€Å"want†, the adult should stay on the want. The adult should show interest in what they are saying by noddy the head, acknowledge the feelings of each child by helping give the feeling a name e.g. frustrated etc. After defining the problems, help the children find a solution to solve the problem. If the solution is not resolved the adult will have to start again. As Dennise Colwell and Lindsey- Texas Tec University founder-gender differences children when identifying areas of conflict. So the solution is going to be what type of conflict it is. Boys and girls. Girls tended to have more conflicts with each other (peers) over thing said, displaying a child-to child conflict whereas the boys areas of conflict manifested themselves in form of disobeying the teacher. It also goes on to say â€Å"in resolving conflict, it was interesting to note that girls used peer resolution, and the boys relied on the teacher as a facilitator to resolve the conflict. In both ways the adult has a vital role to play be restoring and helping the children control their feelings. Vygotsky research†- stated that conflict with girls are words and conflict with boys are action.

Green Living: What Is It?

Green Living: What Is It? The earth, as we know it is deteriorating in ways more than one. In order to set it right and restore the balance of events, we need to take an initiate and change our lifestyles to support the planets health. There are many ways by which you can also start to live greenly. The actual meaning of green living is to live in a way that is favorable to the planet and does not harm, or use up any of its resources excessively. It shows that you care for your planet, and are willing to make an initiative to set things right. If one person starts to live in greenly, others will see the effort he is making and eventually start to follow his example. Because the condition of the planet is worsening day by day, it is important that we take an initiative right now rather than repent it later. The world is deteriorating at a rapid rate, and it is all because of us. Many people dont give enough care to what they do, and these results in a rapid use up of the planets resources. For instance, we often do not give enough care to the electricity consumption of our house. There are many ways by which you can start green living too. However, in order to actually make an impact, we people need to realize the damages that we are doing and we all need to make a collective effort towards the betterment of this planet. One person can make a difference, but one person can set an example for others to follow. Some of the tips that we can follow in order to live greenly are mentioned below. The first thing that you need to do is to limit your energy consumption. There are many ways by which you can do that. Try to avoid excessive usage of your desktop computer, because a desktop computer uses up lots of energy that could otherwise be saved. For instance, you could just start to use a laptop, and if you dont have one, it is certainly wise that you buy one for yourself so that you can limit your energy consumption. Now, as mentioned, one person cant do anything or make an impact on the planet at all. However, imagine if every person in an area started to effectively use their energy and started to limit their consumption, then what would happen? Ill tell you, the planet would slowly start to heal itself because a load would be lessened and slowly the resources that are used in generating electricity would be lessened and this could be highly beneficial because at present we use large amounts of coal and other thermal resources to facilitate our stay on this planet. However, the rapid consumption of these resources, which are non renewable would want day result in the death of one of these crucial resources. For instance, if coal becomes extinct, then a lot of activity on this planet would cease to exist and we would just be searching for alternatives that might not be found so easily. However, if we start to use non renewable energy in our homes and start to take care of our planet, we could definitely make a small impact which might enlarge and the whole world might just join the go green movement. Article#2 Green Living- Time to go green: Summary Green living is the changing of your life style to set it according to the ways of the planet. By that, I mean that we need to make our stay more favorable in this planet so that we do not harm it in any way. There are many ways to initiate green living. In order to make your life a bit better and a bit greener, you need to take certain steps so that you do not harm the resources of this planet. The first step that you can include if you wish to start green living is efficient energy consumption. Many people dont realize that they waste large amounts of energy in various unnecessary things that could otherwise be saved. Electrical energy is made by the use of thermal resources and there are very few plants that make use of non renewable resources. Hence, the more energy you waste, the more thermal resources would be used up of the planet. If all these resources get used up, this could be very harmful for the planet in a variety of ways. At present, we are rapidly using the planets resources to facilitate and make our lives better. But, if we cut down on them, we could certainly make living on this planet a bit better and much greener. You can practice a variety of small things that could certainly save you a lot of energy which could otherwise reduce the load on the planet. If you have a car that runs on diesel or petrol, it would be wise to convert it to CNG, which uses compressed natural gas that is not harmful in any way to the planet. What happen when you use petrol or diesel is that carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are released in to the atmosphere, which harms the planets atmosphere as well as the ozone layer of the planet. We need to take care of the planet, because we have certainly used it in a very harmful way. Other things that we can do and change if we want to live greener life are that we can cut down on our energy consumption. Some of the largest amounts of energy are consumed when people leave the lights of their homes on and do not bother to turn them off. The lights just keep on using energy even though they are not being used in any way. Therefore, it is always wise and highly recommended that you shut off the lights before leaving any room so that you can save on energy. A go green movement has been initiated by the people, and it is gaining a lot of popularity as more and more people are changing their lives and living methods so that their stay on this planet becomes favorable for them as well as for the planet. You need to take care of the planet, because if we dont then there is no one else who will. We need to practice just a few things which would certainly not restrict our lives in any possible manner, but would certainly allow the planet to heal itself and become a better place for everyone to live in. Start green living, and support the planet, because it never gives up on you. Article#3 Time to Start Green Living! Summary: Our planet is slowly dying, and if we dont do anything about it soon enough, it would eventually begin to deteriorate and everything would be used. The world would become a barren place without any resources. We need to cater to the needs of our planet, and we need to change our life styles so that it becomes beneficial to the planet. We need to become much more eco friendly, so that no harm is dealt to the planet by our existence. At the moment, we are certainly not doing anything like that and in order for us to be able to know whats right and whats wrong for the planet, we really need to open our eyes and look around. Global warming is rapidly become an increasing phenomena, the glaciers are melting at a very fast rate. Do you think this is happening on its own accord? If you do, then you need to revise your thinking. The instigators of global warming are just us. We have driven the planet to the extent that it has begun to harm itself. Every day, we use up large amounts of the resources of the planet to facilitate our lives, but do we realize who is going to replenish those resources? No, we dont. All we are intent on is making life easy for ourselves. However, the time has now come for us to make a move and change our lives so that we do not pose a threat, or become a source of harm to the planet. We need to analyze and see that whatever we are doing is according the needs of the planet or not. If it isnt, then we need to change and start green living so that the planet begins to replenish its resources and becomes the beautiful place it once was. Floods, earth quakes and all natural disasters are instigated because of us if you actually look at it in a wider sense, and all we think is that the planet is hurting us. It is not in any way trying to harm us, but these are just signs of things to come if we dont take care of our beloved planet. Many people have now begun to realize the message that is being conveyed and have begun green living so that they could be free of the guild of destroying the planet. You can start green living as well, and by following some simple guidelines, you could certainly be on your way in helping the planet. It is futile to think that one person can do nothing, but you should try and set an example for others to follow. Try being a source of inspiration to others so that they also being to adopt green living as well. Simple steps such as turning off the lights or electricity when not in use could go a long way in helping the planet, and it highly recommended that we now start to utilize our energy efficiently because it is high time that we begin to listen to the pleas of the planet and try to make life better for ourselves before things get out of hand and it all becomes too late.

Distillation Essay -- Organic Chemistry Distillation Water Essays

Distillation I. Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The process of distillation has been used by humans for years to create alcoholic beverages. Distillation is the process of boiling a pair of liquids with different boiling points and then condensing the vapors above the boiling liquid in an attempt to separate them. One might suspect that the mixed two liquids of different boiling points could be separated simply by raising the temperature to the lower boiling point of the two liquids. However, this is not the case. The two liquids â€Å"boil† together at some temperature between their two boiling points.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Raoult’s law states that the vapor pressure of one liquid is equal to the product of the vapor pressure of the pure liquid and the mole fraction of that liquid in the liquid. The total vapor pressure is simply the sum of the partial pressures of the two liquid components. Dalton’s law states that the mole fraction of one liquid in the vapor is equal to the partial pressure of the liquid divided by the total pressure. These laws can help explain the process of fractional distillation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When a mixture of ethanol and water is heated, it will boil at a temperature between 78.3 C (the boiling point of pure ethanol) and 100 C (the boiling point of pure water). In fractional distillation, the vapor will condense on a surface. The condensate will then evaporate again and then condense on another surface. This process will continue until the percentage of ethanol in the mixture continues to get larger as the percentage of water decreases. The more â€Å"surfaces† that the vapor settles on, the higher percentage of ethanol one will collect. However, one will never collect pure ethanol. Ethanol and water form an azeotrope at 78.15 C. An azeoptrope is a mixture of liquids of a certain definite composition that distills at a constant temperature without change in composition. The azeoptrope of ethanol and water will be 95% ethanol and 5% water.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The purpose of this experiment is to compare the processes of distillation and fractional distillation to discover which procedure enables a more pure sample of ethanol to be collected from an ethanol/water mixture. II. Procedure   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  For simple distillation, I added 4 mL of a 10-20% ethanol-water mixture to a 5 mL round-bottomed long-necked flask. I joined the flask to a distilling head fitted with a thermometer through... ...iling points will have a constant boiling point. 6. When water is distilled, it does not vaporize all at once when the boiling point is reached. When some water molecules evaporate, the kinetic energy of the remaining liquid goes down and the temperature drops slightly. As a result, the rest of the water needs to be heated again before more molecules of water evaporate. A constant source of heat is needed. 8. It is dangerous to carry out a distillation in a closed apparatus because vapor takes up more space than a liquid. So in a closed apparatus, the vapor pressure would build up, and the apparatus would explode. 9. Slower distillation results in better separation of liquids, because time is needed for the liquids to meet the vapors in the distillation/condensation process. If this is done too fast, then the vapor doesn’t go through as many distillation/condensation cycles, and the final sample will not be separated into its too components as much. 10. A packed fractionating column is more efficient than an unpacked one because a packed column provides more surface area for the vapor to condense on. The more it condenses, the more efficient the separation of the liquids.

Mega Rex :: English Literature Essays

Mega Rex A man crawled down a sewer main ladder. He swam in the sewer water until he came to what seemed to be a warehouse. He got behind a large box and called to someone. "Colonel, its Snake. I'm inside the warehouse," said the man. "Great. There's an elevator in the back. Wait for it to come down and go to the ground level. Make sure none sees you. If you have a question contact me by codec. To do this, push the button on your wrist and select the frequency you want. My frequency is 140.85," said the Colonel. Snake waited patiently for the elevator to come down. When it finally came down slowly crawled out from behind the box and quickly went up the elevator unnoticed. Snake called the Colonel on codec. "Snake, what took so long?" said the Colonel. "That suit is hard to move in," said Snake. "Its purpose is to prevent hypothermia not to be comfortable. This is Alaska, you know," said a woman. "I know, Naomi," said Snake. "Snake, this operation is being run by Fox Hound and Russian terrorists. There are currently 6 members of Fox Hound. They are the best soldiers in the world," said Naomi. "I know, I was in Fox Hound," said Snake. "Oh, yeah," said Naomi. "Call Naomi if you have any questions about Fox Hound, Snake," said Colonel. "I would like to introduce you to Mei Ling, she designed you codec and radar," said the Colonel. "It is an honor to meet a legendary military hero like you," said Mei Ling. "Thanks," said Snake. "Your radar gets jammed easily, I'm afraid, because of the signals the terrorists use. You need to find the DARPA Chief (Defense Advanced Research Projects), Kenneth Baker. He will be a green dot on your radar. When you use your codec talk into your wrist.. No one but you can hear your codec because it directly vibrates the bones of your ear," said Mei Ling. "Snake, find the DARPA Chief. Hurry, you only have 18 hours left. By the way, we made a diversion. We sent an F-18 so it would go into the terrorist's radar and then back to Washington Airforce Base. That is your chance to sneak in unnoticed, said Colonel. There should be a vent on the first and second floor. Go in the second floor vent. "There's a Russian H-4 leaving now," said Snake. Mega Rex :: English Literature Essays Mega Rex A man crawled down a sewer main ladder. He swam in the sewer water until he came to what seemed to be a warehouse. He got behind a large box and called to someone. "Colonel, its Snake. I'm inside the warehouse," said the man. "Great. There's an elevator in the back. Wait for it to come down and go to the ground level. Make sure none sees you. If you have a question contact me by codec. To do this, push the button on your wrist and select the frequency you want. My frequency is 140.85," said the Colonel. Snake waited patiently for the elevator to come down. When it finally came down slowly crawled out from behind the box and quickly went up the elevator unnoticed. Snake called the Colonel on codec. "Snake, what took so long?" said the Colonel. "That suit is hard to move in," said Snake. "Its purpose is to prevent hypothermia not to be comfortable. This is Alaska, you know," said a woman. "I know, Naomi," said Snake. "Snake, this operation is being run by Fox Hound and Russian terrorists. There are currently 6 members of Fox Hound. They are the best soldiers in the world," said Naomi. "I know, I was in Fox Hound," said Snake. "Oh, yeah," said Naomi. "Call Naomi if you have any questions about Fox Hound, Snake," said Colonel. "I would like to introduce you to Mei Ling, she designed you codec and radar," said the Colonel. "It is an honor to meet a legendary military hero like you," said Mei Ling. "Thanks," said Snake. "Your radar gets jammed easily, I'm afraid, because of the signals the terrorists use. You need to find the DARPA Chief (Defense Advanced Research Projects), Kenneth Baker. He will be a green dot on your radar. When you use your codec talk into your wrist.. No one but you can hear your codec because it directly vibrates the bones of your ear," said Mei Ling. "Snake, find the DARPA Chief. Hurry, you only have 18 hours left. By the way, we made a diversion. We sent an F-18 so it would go into the terrorist's radar and then back to Washington Airforce Base. That is your chance to sneak in unnoticed, said Colonel. There should be a vent on the first and second floor. Go in the second floor vent. "There's a Russian H-4 leaving now," said Snake.

The Impact of Information Technology on Marketing Strategies for Health

Information has become the most valuable commodity in any market. Utilizing accurate information about customers and their interests is vital for successful marketing activities. In today's fast paced, highly competitive markets, companies must make marketing decisions quickly or risk losing their competitive edge. Using information technology (IT) allows companies to gather, analyze, and utilize large amounts of customer information. This information is used to reduce risk and uncertainty in decision making and maximize the profitability of marketing activities. IT also allows companies to evaluate the success, benefits, and profitability of IT investments, marketing strategies, and other business ventures over long periods of time. Today utilizing IT is essential in all aspects of marketing activities and successful marketing is not possible without the use of IT. Marketing in healthcare involves unique challenges which other markets do not face. According to Shaw (2008) "healthcar e marketers promote a service that is complicated, expensive, and even frightening." Most people do not want to imagine themselves needing healthcare products or services and usually reject information concerning the statistical chances of their future medical needs. As a result, traditional marketing techniques like directing products and services to specific consumers or broadcasting brand images are often ineffective in healthcare markets. In order to maintain a marketing advantage, healthcare marketers started moving toward a consumer driven marketing approach focused around consumer wants, needs, and expectations. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of IT on the marketing strategies of healthcare organizations. The rapid expans... ...ult, healthcare organizations have started marketing campaigns focused on patient privacy and cyber security. References Berisha-Namani, M. (2013). Information technology, internet, and marketing. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 4(1). doi: 10.7903/ijecs.1116 Kotler, P., & Clarke, R. N. (1987). Marketing for health care organizations (p. 265). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Rooney, K. (2009). Consumer-Driven Healthcare Marketing: Using the Web to Get Up Close and Personal. Journal Of Healthcare Management, 54(4), 241-251. Shaw, G. (2008). Department Focus: Marketing–Lessons from the Field. Online article on HealthLeaders Media website. White, K. R., Thompson, J. M., & Patel, U. B. (2001). Hospital Marketing Orientation and Managed Care Processes: Are They Coordinated?. Journal Of Healthcare Management, 46(5), 327. The Impact of Information Technology on Marketing Strategies for Health Information has become the most valuable commodity in any market. Utilizing accurate information about customers and their interests is vital for successful marketing activities. In today's fast paced, highly competitive markets, companies must make marketing decisions quickly or risk losing their competitive edge. Using information technology (IT) allows companies to gather, analyze, and utilize large amounts of customer information. This information is used to reduce risk and uncertainty in decision making and maximize the profitability of marketing activities. IT also allows companies to evaluate the success, benefits, and profitability of IT investments, marketing strategies, and other business ventures over long periods of time. Today utilizing IT is essential in all aspects of marketing activities and successful marketing is not possible without the use of IT. Marketing in healthcare involves unique challenges which other markets do not face. According to Shaw (2008) "healthcar e marketers promote a service that is complicated, expensive, and even frightening." Most people do not want to imagine themselves needing healthcare products or services and usually reject information concerning the statistical chances of their future medical needs. As a result, traditional marketing techniques like directing products and services to specific consumers or broadcasting brand images are often ineffective in healthcare markets. In order to maintain a marketing advantage, healthcare marketers started moving toward a consumer driven marketing approach focused around consumer wants, needs, and expectations. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of IT on the marketing strategies of healthcare organizations. The rapid expans... ...ult, healthcare organizations have started marketing campaigns focused on patient privacy and cyber security. References Berisha-Namani, M. (2013). Information technology, internet, and marketing. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 4(1). doi: 10.7903/ijecs.1116 Kotler, P., & Clarke, R. N. (1987). Marketing for health care organizations (p. 265). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Rooney, K. (2009). Consumer-Driven Healthcare Marketing: Using the Web to Get Up Close and Personal. Journal Of Healthcare Management, 54(4), 241-251. Shaw, G. (2008). Department Focus: Marketing–Lessons from the Field. Online article on HealthLeaders Media website. White, K. R., Thompson, J. M., & Patel, U. B. (2001). Hospital Marketing Orientation and Managed Care Processes: Are They Coordinated?. Journal Of Healthcare Management, 46(5), 327.

The Kenya Flourspar

The fluor (CaF2) puzzles were discoered by prof. Al Amin in 1967 in the aras of Kimw ber, Choff and Kamnaon. He was searching for semi-precious s t onenesss, and initially mistook the purple fluorspar for gemstone. He t here(predicate)fore collected the sample distri just nowion and took them for digest in Mombasa. It was later run aground to be fluorspar.A hand- archeological site ope symmetryn was started and the fluorspar was supplied to the Bamburi Portland cementumum Company in Mombasa. At its peak, the operation, which relied on donkeys to transport the fluorspar, produced around 400 wads per month of high grade fluorspar. In 1971 the fluorspar Company of Kenya (FCK) was established, under the evasive c everyplace of the Kenya government, to exploit the poses on a big scale. suppress and jigging plants were later put up at mining aim for Brobdingnagian scale merchandiseion of the metallurgical grade. Kenya fluorspar was a state parastatal upto 1996 when it was privatized.It is currently owned by local and foreign investors. The telephoner has seven active mining sites available from which ore preserve be mined depending on the grade and tonicity required. In 2003 the family leted made a major investiture in earth-moving equipment and plant upgrading. The postulate has been commercially mined since 1971. Initially, metallurgical grade fluorspar was produced. In 1975 a 100,000 ton per annum dit grade fluorspar concentrator was commissioned and by 1979 metallurgical grade fluorspar was no longer produced as primitive product, but can still be produced as secondary product for smaller consignments.The Kimwargonr ore deposit has now been mined for over 35 years It is an EPZ (Export litigateing zone). LOCATION Kenya fluorspar is a concern based in the Kerio Valley in the district of Eldoret and Iten. physical composition OF FLOURITE (CaF2) The fluorspar is an industrial mineral organize 150 to 200 linger aroundion ye ars ago. It is create by replacement reply known as mesomatism. The magma or acid wet containing fluorine and an opposite(prenominal) minerals was oblige up from deep within the Earth. When this saltwater reached the atomic number 20 rich, limestone bedrock (CaCO3), fluorite crystals formed along the walls of fractures and voids in the rock.Flat layers of fluorite as well as formed check to the limestone beds, replacing the soldiery rock. The fluorine replaced the CO32- from the CaCO3 to form CaF2. The CO32- was dissipated as CO2 and water. This cognitive operation is upgrade luxuriant in equation downstairs Ca2- + F22- CaF2 (fluorite) GEOLOGY AND OCURRENCE fluorite (also called fluorspar) is a halide mineral composed of calcium fluoride, CaF2. It is an isometrical mineral with a boxlike ha crisp, though octahedral and more complex isometric forms argon not uncommon. Crystal duplicate is common and adds complexity to the observed crystal.The fluorite deposits argo n believed to be of hydrothermal o gear upin in the Post-Miocene era when lavas formed a protective cap over Precambrian rocks in the atomic number 18a. The chief(prenominal) deposit of fluorite is located at Kimw atomic number 18r and is exposed on a serial worldation of five hills, four of which have been mined. 2 other minor deposits knows as Choff and Kamnaon be approximately 2 to 5 km north of the present mine site and have been partially mined in the past for the production of metallurgical-grade spar. The Kimw ber ore bodies contain by far the largest ore reserves. The ore frame contacts are straightforward due to the buff colour of the ore in contrast to he grey gneiss, blank marbles or pegmatites. Typically the fluorite is amercemently crystalline and disseminated through a siliceous matrix. Zones of high grade ore are frequently purplish or chromatic yellow in colour with cavities modify with distinct cubic crystals. The Choffs have devil ore bodies running pa rallel to each other for more than 3 km. The Choffs are conf apply by ridges and dips. The ore body pinches and swells and its width varies mingled with 4 metres and 26 metres. This ore is soft and crumbly hence easy liberation in the plant and provides a good yield. The phosphate in this vein is medium to high.The Kamnaon ore body has more than five partly parallel veins with varying dips of between 35-45 degrees. There are a number of other sites which are yet to be explored. The Fluorite at Kerio Valley occur as a vein deposit, especially associated with galena, sphalerite, barite, quartz, calcite and metallic minerals, where they often form part of the gangue (the surrounding host-rock in which valuable minerals occur). It is a common mineral in deposits of hydrothermal origin and has been noted as a primary mineral in granites and other igneous rocks and as a common minor constituent of dolostone and limestone.The deposit at Kerio Valley is steeply diping at 40o, with strike varying with mine mine Strike Percentage CaF2 No. of mines mines operating(a) Cheberen North-South 37% 1-6 1and3 Kamnaum North west-South east 40% 1-5 1 Choff East-West 50% 1-12 6and9 The deposit is distinguish from Kamnaum to Cheberen1. The fluorite is polychromous i. e occurs in diametric colours depending on the trace elements. The different colours allow * Colour little * chromatic * Green * Purple * Base yellow. GRADES OF FLOURSPAR The fluorite can be dish outed into grades depending on the use 1.Acid grade This grade is utilise in the manufacture of Hydrofluoric acid (HF). 2. metallurgic grade This grade is apply as flux in steel and cement industry. 3. Ceramic grade This grade is used in the manufacture of ceramics. Only the acid grade is currently produced by Kenya fluorspar. metallurgical grade was also produced but s cover versionped. major IMPURITIES AVAILABLE IN FLUORITE 1. silicon dioxide (silicon dioxide), SiO2 2. Calcite (calcium carbonate), CaCO3 3. the Tempter pentaoxide , P2O5 4. Iron(III)oxide, Fe2O3 STAGES IN MINING AND PROCESSIG OF FLOURITE (CaF2) 1. geographic expedition 2. Overburden remotion 3. Mining . treat EXPLORATION This is usually done to obtain sufficient information around the deposit in order to enable a safe and economic design and to forfend difficulties during mining of the fluorite. The Kenya Fluorspar utilizes the diamond warmheartedness commiting machine to obtain the class period cores. This machine can drill upto 140m-180m reconditeness. The drill cores are then(prenominal) logged upto beyond the fluorite zones. The drill cores are then taken to laboratory for testing. The cores undergo through assessment, finish and classification. Diamond core bore equipment. inflict CLEARING AND OVERBURDEN removalLAND CLEARING This involves the removal of all the trees and stumps including the roots from the mining site. In Kenya Fluorspar, currently land clearing and saddle removal is done at choff 9. T he master(prenominal) equipment used for land clearing at choff9 is a D355 Komatsu tractor-mounted dozer. The brush is disposed by toss in gullies. D355 dozer. OVERBURDEN REMOVAL This involves the removal waste soil or rock that overlies the ore. At Kenya Fluorspar the overburden depth depends on the denudation ratio and dipping angle. Dozer is the main equipment used for stripping the overburden at choff 9.This equipment pushes the overburden over the high wall. After the overburden has been unfinished by the dozer, it is plastered onto trucks by a hydraulic hoe excavator for dumping in gullies. The waste is then pushed into gullies by the D355 dozer. Overburden is outside at a ratio of 31 to 81 (waste to ore) depending on the ore body, with over 700,000 hemorrhoid of waste be stripped per annum at current production directs. Overburden is normally trucked away apply 25 ton trucks provided by contractors. Overburden stripping continues until the fluorite is exposed. ORE EXTRACTION (MINING) Mining is by open(a) cast methods.The exposed ore is extracted by cut and blasting. A total of approximately 360,000 tons of ore is mined annually. The geology has indicated that the ore body extends beneath the valley floor level and an open stigmatise is being planned. Drilling and blasting The Kenya Fluorspar utilizes two types of drilling equipment (rig) to drill holes. These complicate 1. Down the hole excogitate (DTH). This is generally used in solid lowering formations. The hammer is just behind the bit. 2. raising hammer drill rig (TH). This is generally used in loose formations. The hammer is on top of the drill draw and quarter (pipes).Crawler mounted DTHTop hammer drill rig The drill pattern to be apply depends on the 1. Size of the drill bit to be used. 2. Geological condition of the area. accomplishedly the bits are 102mm The drill pattern is square, 3m by 3m (burden by spacing) when there is a rid face and staggered in absence of a f ree face. The depth of the drill holes differs, with most holes 10m and others 7m and 4m. Subdrilling is normally 3m. Both the DTH and TH are crawler mounted with TH complete with compressor mounted on it. Kenya Fluorspar has 3 operating crawler mounted drilling machines (2 DTH and 1 TH).BLASTING This operation involves the pursual degrees 1. forwardness of ANFO 2. Hole charging 3. Initiation of volatiles PREPARATION OF ANFO This involves alloy the ammonium nit measure with fuel (diesel) in the ratio 0. 075ml of diesel for every 1kg of ammonium nitrate. This operation is done by an explosive mixer in Kenya Fluorspar. HOLE CHARGING This deal involves placing help/ primer at the bottomland of the drilled hole. The boosters normally used include cast booster, pentolite booster and gelignite. The Kenya fluorspar utilizes the pentolite booster for the priming purposes.Before placing the primer it is connected to a detonator. These detonators include 1. Plain detonators 2. Instanta neous electric automobile detonators. After placing the primer, ANFO is added depending on the hole depth as shown in the table downstairs Hole depth Height of ANFO Stemming 10m 7m 3m 7m 5. 5m 1. 5m 4m 3. 5m 0. 5m These holes aerated are then connected by 25MS (millisecond) nonel shock metro-shaped structures, short(p) period detonating check over (SPDD) type. The rows are connected by 17MS arise trunk lines (also nonel shock tubes). The nonel shock tube has the adjacent advantages 1.Produces low noise and quiver 2. It has less(prenominal) fly rock. It is because of the above advantages that fake it useful near factory where less vibration are required. The nonel shock tube is very expensive. INITIATION OF EXPLOSION at one time charging is complete the explosion can be initiated depending on the detonator used. Initiation can be done using the following 1. Safety fuse which burns at a rate of 2 transactions per metre. This is used case of plain detonators 2. blast machin e incase of electric detonators. tributary blasting is also done incase large boulders are produced in the primary blasting.Large boulders can also be worried using the rock breakers. LOADING AND attracter The blasted ore is loaded into trucks by an hydraulic excavator (Komatsu) hoe. The loaded ore is hauled a short distance of between 2 km and 7 km by promise trucks to the crushing plant. These trucks range from 10tons to 20tons. The ore stock pilled on an individual basis depending on the source. PROCESSING OF FLOURITE (CaF2) The processing of fluorite at the processing plant involves the following stages 1. portmanteau word 2. Crushing 3. Grinding 4. teach 5. Floatation 6. Thickening 7. filtration 8. Stock pillingBLENDING Blending in normally done at the primary crusher by a stray loader before presenting into the crusher in ratio of 2cheberen1choff1kamnaum This blending ratio ensures that the lead is 40% CaF2 CRUSHING Types of crushers 1. Primary crusher point out cru sher 2. Secondary crusher chamfer crusher 3. Tertiary crusher cone crusher PRIMARY CRUSHING The ore head for the hills to the grasshopper through a 12in grizzly screen. It is then feed to the primary crusher through an apron feeder and belt conveyor. The ore is first embarrassed in a primary stage crushing plant from a feed of 350 mm to less than 30mm in size.The ore that is less than 60mm but more than 30mm is passed through the cone crusher where it is further reduced to less than 30mm. whatever visible that is more than 30mm is passed through the 3rd crusher. GRINDINGTypes mills used in Kenya Fluorspar 1. Rod mill 2. Ball mill 3. Re-grind mill. It is then conveyed to the grinding circuit where the stuff is added to a rod mill along with water to form slurry. The rod mill instantly grinds the ore after which it is sized using a hydrocyclone. Any oversized material is passed to the ball mill for a further grinding to the desired size of 80%.The ore is now ready for condit ioning and flotation. CONDITIONINGThis process takes place in the conditioner. This where the depressants and stock batterys are added. 1. Depressants a) atomic number 11 fluorite which depresses the P2O5 b) Sodium bifluorite which also depresses the P2O5 2. Collectors a) Betacol b) TapiocaThis process renders the fluorite hydrophobic by the plus of a surfactant or collector chemical substance. flotationFlotation is the process that concentrates the ore. This is done by agitative the ore slurry in cells with air bubbles.By adding a cabal of fatty acid reagents, the fluorspar in the ore attaches itself to the air bubble to float to the top of the cell. This product is skimmed off sledding the waste in the bottom of the cell. The process is conducted in a series of rougher, scavenger, and antiseptic cells that successively concentrates the ore from 40% CaF2 in the feed material to a minimum of 97. 0% CaF2 in the final concentrate. The water in the final product is then removed in a thickener and a rotary drum drip. This produces a slabber stripe concentrate containing approximately 11. % moisture. The samples are analyzed in the companys assay and interrogation laboratory. The waste product is manage to the tailings dkm and settled water is re rolld to the plant for reuse. A FLOATATION CELL office CaF2 CONCENTRATED PER SERIES OF FLOATATION CELL FLOATATION CELL PERCENTAGE CaF2 CONCENTRATED ROUGHER CELLS 80% SCAVANGER CELLS 85%-87% spic-and-span CELLS 97% FLOATATION CIRCUITDEWATERINGThe water in the final product is then removed in a thickener and a rotary drum filter. This produces a filter stripe concentrate containing approximately 11. % moistureTHICKENER orbitual DRUM FILTEROperational Sequence * Cake composition With the overflow weir set to a level best the apparent submerging is normally 33-35% so the slurry levels between 0400 and 0800 hrs. erstwhile a arena enters submergence vacuum is utilise and a cake starts to form up to a poin t where the field emerges from the slurry. The pot of the cycle available for formation is the effective submergence and its duration depends on the number of sectors, the slurry level in the tank and the bridge aspect which take ins the form to dry ratio. Cake slipstream and Drying After emerging from submergence the drying deal out of the cycle commences and for non-wash applications continues to about 0130 hrs where the vacuum is cut-off. If cake washing is required the wash manifolds impart be located from about 1030 to 1130 hrs and the stay time to vacuum cut-off at 0130 is the portion allocated to final cake drying. * Cake justify After vacuum for the entire sector is cut-off air blow commences at about 0200 hrs in order to facilitate cake shake off.The blow, depending on the position of the tip of the scraper blade, bequeath cut-off at approximately 0300 hrs. Drum filters are normally operated with a low insistence blow but on plastered applications a snap blow is applied and to avoid the snapping out of the caulking bars or ropes wire winding of the cloth is recommended . swelling is used on scraper and roll dismiss mechanisms but on belt discharge filters vacuum cuts-off when the filter media leaves the drum. The final product has composition shown in the table below PRODUCT PERCENTAGE COMPOSITION Fluorite, CaF2 more than 97%Silica, SiO2 slight than 1% Carbonate, CaCO3 Less than 1% Iron III oxide, Fe2O3 Neglible Phosphorus penta oxide, P2O5 Less than 0. 5% TAILINGS DAMTailings, also called slimes, tails, despoil residue, or slickens, are the materials left over after the process of separating the valuable fluorite from the uneconomic fraction (gangue) of the ore. These are the wastes from the floatation cells. Tailings are distinct from overburden or waste rock, which are the materials overlying an ore or mineral body that are displaced during mining without being processed.The tailing are pumped from the processing plant to the to ta ilings dam for disposal. The top side is about 15m and dimensions are 150m by 30m. it is trapezoidal in shape. The dam also has poop out pipes to remove the seepage water. Hydraulic cyclones are used to build the dam. The cyclones separate the tailings into fine and coarse material. The coarse materiel from the cyclone underflow is used to build the wall of the dam volition the material and water is disposed into the dam. The water is recycled and pumped back for reuse into the factory. The pass on built until the dam touches the adjacent hill.LABORATORY tone CONTROLL SECTIONThe company conducts two types of tests chemical and metallurgical. The chemical scratch performs wet chemistry analytic thinking (mainly titration) and operates 24 hrs a day passim the year and each shift is headed by a qualified chemist. The metallurgical section mainly concentrates on research and breeding work. The sample (pellet) is subjected to an XRF machine which scans the sample impartation e nergy to it. The sample then radiates awaken of various wavelengths. The wavelengths are analyzed by a computer program which displays the information instantly on the screen.Strict quality control of run-of-mine ore, exploration and final product analysis is maintained by try. KFC prides itself in the quality of its assays, which are always crosschecked with those of European laboratories, viz. SGS (Netherlands), HOFF and BSI in the United States. Weight sampling and analysis All analyses are being performed by SGS Kenya Ltd (Swiss company) at the cost of the company. apparatus in the laboratory a) Two tattle crushers (14in. and12in. ) b) Pulverizer c) Oven for drying d) Splitter e) XRF machine f) Analytical correspondence g)A pilot plantSample preparation i. Drying ii. Splitting iii. Crushing iv. Pulverizing. CARGO CONDITIONThe fluorite is Chemically inert, non-reactive, non-flammable, non-hazardous mineral sand. No hazard labelling required in accordance with IMO regulation s. No special precautions for storage however, in order to maintain the honour of the material, it must not be allowed to be contaminated by any other material as it is used as the base product in natural chemical processes to produce other products and substances.TRANSPORT Once the acid spar is produced, the fluorspar is loaded into 10 ton trucks and hauled to the groomway side at Kaptagat, a distance of 37km. From here it is loaded into 36 ton rail wagons for the 860 km journey to the Mbaraki wharf at Mombasa. The wagons are offloaded at the wharf where the fluorspar is stockpiled and covered while awaiting shipment. The storage capacitance at Mbaraki is approximately 25,000 tons. The process of off-loading of wagons and trucks is lying-in intensive by means of manual(a) labour.Loading of the vessels is conducted using an automatic Demag Ship Loader, owned and operated by Bamburi Portland Cement Company. An average rate of 2,500 tons per day can be loaded on a unremitting basis even on public holidays. The quantity loaded and moisture analyses are conducted by an independent surveyor on a continuous basis to ensure a representative result of the product loaded. Since Mombasa is one of the main ports in East Africa, chartering of vessels to pass bulk cargoes to any destination in the world can be easy arranged.

Industrial Economic Research Paper

Qustion1 Identify and explain the securities persistence social organisation in which the partnership is operating Pos Malaysia grocery structure * Monopoly inviolable Introduction (Pos Malaysia) Pos Malaysia Berhad is Malaysias premier physical communications provider. Pos Malaysia likewise has a widespread network of 701 postal process offices each(prenominal) over the country, in attachment to its network of mini post offices, sprightly post offices, postal agents and stamp agents, mould it bingle of the nigh extensive sell networks in Malaysia.Pos Malaysias Strategic byplay Units that aim to provide quality, reliable, timely and modern solutions to its nodes, ar made up of PosMel ( send off and postal emolument), PosLaju (courier and express mail services), and PosNiaga (retail business services). Pos Malaysia too acts as a counter show and payment agency for a rove of financial transactions, such as circular payments, remittance, insurance and unit tru sts. Pos Malaysia consists of 3 primary(prenominal) Core Business Units Pos Mel ,Pos Laju and Pos Niaga. Poslaju or EMS service caters to all segments of the business community and the world-wide public.There be 37 Poslaju Centres nationwide cater all types of courier services. Besides repel d experience and Express servicer. Poslaju or EMS service caters to all segments of the business community and the general public. graphic symbol of courier services Inbound Logistics * customs duty Clearance, Import permit documentation, Transportation, Wargonhousing, Distri exception way/break bulk, Proof of delivery, Track and mark. come to the foregoing Logistics * Customs clearance ,Export documentation ,Transportations ,Warehousing ,Distri barelyion origin/break bulk ,Proof of delivery ,Track and trace Monopoly securities industry structure (Pos Malaysia)Government cheerion Pos Malaysia Berhad is a Malaysian postal service partnership that was privatized in 1992 from a re gime department into a business corporation. Government likewise protects and helps pos Malaysia if that star sign has shortage cost and losses. was attri exactlyed to the pos Malaysia is the scratch company established to provide these services and the company has long operated, known by society and high up cost in the provision of post Malaysia. Society faithfulness The society in Malaysia has known slightly brand of pos Malaysia and the society also has beaten(prenominal) to uses pos Malaysia as services of mail.The public depart be more confident in such a service as Pos Malaysia is an agency under the ministry and the government is indirectly involved in ensuring the security of the items unploughed here. Maximize attain A monopoly grocery store exists when in that respect is huge number of buyers but small or very express number of sellers in the market. Monopoly is the alto startleher supplier of a product for which thither is no close substitute. In monopoly market, the sure has get a maximize dough, if the manager has halt good skill and knowledge to manages that company.For example, pos Malaysia keep a good manages, and that means this company can get a tallness profit. In monopoly market, pos Malaysia can set its own cost and the prices chosen affects the quantity it sells. Pos Malaysia is the only licensed mail services provider in Malaysia and is the leader in the Malaysia messenger Services. Pos Malaysia posted a net profit of RM 61 cardinal for the nine months terminate September 2004 an increase of more than 40 per cent from the corresponding period in the previous year.It is projected to wee a net profit of close to RM100 million this year based on active postal rates. Power of set prices In monopoly market, pos Malaysia can put the price of the service with a high rate to the profit of the community to obtain greater. This can be carried out in the market as pos Malaysia is the only domestic postal mail flinged in Malaysia Advantages in monopoly Stability of prices * In a monopoly market the prices are most of the times stable. This happens because there is only one firm involved in the market that sets the prices if and when it feels like.In impudently(prenominal) types of market structures prices are non stable and tend to be stretchy as a result of the contestation that exists but this isnt the case in a monopoly market as there is little or no rival at all. Source of revenue for the government * The government gets revenue in earn of taxation from monopoly firms. Massive lolly * overdue to the absence of competitors which leads to high number of gross revenue monopoly firms tend to receive super bread from their operations.The massive profits realized whitethorn be used in such things as launching other products, carrying out research and development among many other things that may be beneficial to the firm. gesture 2 Comment if there are bars to launching Definition Barriers to origination are designed to block potential entrants from entry a market profitably. They seek to protect the monopoly power of existing (incumbent) firms in an industry and therefore maintain supernormal (monopoly) profits in the long run.Barriers to entry experience the effect of making a market less contestable. Defined an entry barrier as A cost of producing (at virtually or every rate of output) which essential be borne by a firm which seeks to enter an industry but is non borne by firms already in the industry. Barriers to entry in( pos Malaysia). In pos Malaysia, there are barriers to entry. Among them are Advertising and market * Developing consumer dedication by establishing branded products can make successful entry into the market by new firms much more expensive. comprise Advantages Lower Costs through experience of Being in the market for wanting(p) time, allows the existing postal company Malaysias to cut price and win price wars if another firm enter the market. sheer(a) cost advantages * Allows an incumbent firm to earn excess profits without feat of new firm entering the market. for example in the market, pos Malaysia price of the service is able to tolerate a cheaper service player medals RM7 per unit, but other companies likes DHL and FedEx only able to offer prices as low as RM 12 mail service. so its pos Malaysia cans set PRICES at rm10.Which is are more chipper, than the more customer use pos Malaysia services and also get a highest profit. Government Restrictions * Government is the opening of barriers to entry that are seduced by patents and copyrights. nevertheless these are not the only barriers to entry enabled by government. Government is, after all, the entity that establishes the rules of the game. Governments much erect barriers to entry by legitimately limiting the number of participants in a market. Legal restrictions for public utilities are usually designed to make the most stiff use of natural monopoly markets that can spend a penny serious inefficiency problems.Other legal restrictions, such as licenses or charters, are generally think to pursue other goals, but create barriers to entry nonetheless. For example, pos mel only provided by pos Malaysia. Although there are big rivals like FedEx and DHL outside, but pos Malaysia offer cheaper prices. First mover advantages * The offset firm to enter incurs lower marketing be because it faces no rivals. Later firm face higher marketing costs because they must compete against the first firm. If the heading of the incumbent raises the marketing costs of the split second firm to enter, then the first firm has permanent advantages and can maintain high prices